4-Ethylguaiacol modulates neuroinflammation and Th1/Th17 differentiation to ameliorate disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune disease characterized by the accumulation of pathogenic inflammatory immune cells in central nervous system (CNS) that subsequently causes focal inflammation, demyelination, and neuronal damage. Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) well-established murine model MS. Presently, growing evidences show phenolic compounds exert anti-inflammatory effects inhibiting production molecules. 4-ethylguaiacol (4-EG), compound, which was detected foods, such as green bell peppers, corns, sesames, coffee has been shown to possess through attenuating peripheral responses. However, whether 4-EG exerts on modulating CNS responses remains unexplored. In this study we assessed therapeutic effect EAE using both chronical relapsing-remitting animal models. Our results showed not only ameliorated severity chronic but also mitigated progression EAE. Further investigations revealed suppressed MG activation, inhibited Th1 Th17 infiltration, BBB disruption Furthermore, differentiation periphery Finally, induced HO-1 expression well macrophages. summary, our work demonstrates for first time confers protection against neuroinflammation Th1/Th17 differentiation, suggesting could be developed agent treatment MS/EAE.